TEEDYUSCUNG --
WAR CHIEF
Responsible for the reign of terror
unleashed upon
area settlers, Delaware Indian war chief
Teedyuscung assuredly must have had his
reasons for picking up the hatchet. No one
goes to war, especially against a Covenant
Chain ally of one's own feudal lord, without
truly substantial justification.
Wars don't "just happen". In almost all
cases, a significant triggering episode is
required... what historians refer to as a
"proximate cause", an event so earthshaking
that a populace can naught but act.
So what major event triggered Teedyuscung to
go to war?
Let's look at the timeline. His very first
attack was directed at the Moravian
missionary site at Gnadenhuetten that fell
by massacre on 24 November 1755. Had
anything significant transpired in the
preceding days? Indeed it had -- just six
days earlier, New England's most powerful
earthquake ever had resonated from Nova
Scotia all the way down to the Carolinas.
This was the big one. A "Hand of God"
moment (estimated at 6.2 on the Richter
scale), that rocked the colonial landscape.
We know what the colonists thought about
this event, as there are hundreds of
references to this quake in the colonial
literature, but what did the Delaware
Indians think about this quake?
In their religious tradition, earthquakes
were regarded as the Voice of the Great
Spirit, a deity seething with anger at the
spiritual condition of his people. So
exactly what was the spiritual condition of
the Delaware Indians at the moment that this
earthquake struck?
At that exact moment in time, the tribe was
contending with a pernicious spiritual
threat at their very doorstep -- the
spiritual threat posed by the aggressive
Christianizing activities of the local
Moravian missionaries that had already
converted more than half of their tribe.
This was a community in a major state of
spiritual flux.
...and then their God speaks to them, not
once, but twice -- an aftershock was
recorded on 23 November, 1755 -- and the
tribe resolves to placate the anger of their
Great Spirit by immediately eradicating the
threat in their midst.
One day later, the attacks began. First at
Gnadenhuetten, second at Hoeth's plantation
(a Moravian missionary circuit site), third
at Brodhead's Moravian mission site. The
first three attacks of the war, all directed
against Moravian missionary targets.
Teedyuscung was on a holy mission. The war
in Northampton county would be characterized
by sacred violence.